Understanding Malignant Neoplasm of Female Genital Organs: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

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Malignant Neoplasm of Female Genital Organs

by Alike Medical Team ∙ Updated on June 13, 2023

General

Malignant neoplasm of female genital organs include neoplasm of the vagina, the labia majora, the labia minora, the clitoris and the vulva. Vulvar cancer commonly forms as a lump or sore on the vulva that often causes itching. Though it can occur at any age, vulvar cancer is most commonly diagnosed in older adults. Risk factors may include increasing age, atypical cells in the vagina called vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, maternal exposure to a drug named diethylstilbestrol (DES) while pregnant, multiple sexual partners, early age at first intercourse, HIV infection, HPV infections, smoking, having a weakened immune system Some of the malignancies, if left untreated tend to expand to other organs.

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Signs & symptoms

Symptoms of malignant neoplasm of female genital organs depends on the specific neoplasm and may include unusual vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharges, a lump or mass in the vagina, painful urination, frequent urination, constipation, pelvic pain, itching in the vulva, and skin changing.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based upon physical examination of the pelvic and the vulva, colposcopy examination and biopsy. For staging the disease, further imaging tests such as CT or PET-CT may be performed along with cystoscopy and proctoscopy to examine expansion to the rectum and bladder.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the specific disease, its location and severity. It may include removal of small lesions or tumors, vaginectomy, vulvectomy, or removal of the majority of the pelvic organs and lymph nodes. Radiation and chemotherapy are also options for treatment, with or without surgery. Some of the neoplasms can also be treated with targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy.

Note

☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

National Institutes of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ MedlinePluse ∙ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

☝ All information has been reviewed by certified physicians from Alike

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